Gen 3 – Chasing the ghost : replacing battery cables and alternator

06 2.5L non turbo 5MT, 200,000 miles.
I have a persistent electrical problem that has stumped me and a Subaru specialist shop for a year. Detailed mostly in previous posts, but tl:dr is p0134 and p0030, both related to oxygen sensors, except both are new, as is the ECU and entire wiring harness. The catalytic converter is new too so I don’t want to run it with this code, as it might damage the cat eventually (?).
I do have a sound system in the car, and 0 gauge wire running through the firewall to the amp, as shown in pics. During this install, I cut the factory battery negative cable terminal off to crimp on a lug that could stack with other cables, as I also ran a 0 gauge ground from battery to fender body, and to alternator bracket.
Due to this persistent problem, thought I would get a new factory battery cable harness, but the design of this cable terminal does not allow for an additional lug on the negative post. I’m not sure what to do because I worry that clipping that last cable might have some portion of blame for my issue. Could I just peel the tape just before the negative terminal and wrap the wire together with a large gauge ground that goes to the car body?

Also, I’m wondering if I could have damaged wiring to the ECU when I passed the 0 gauge through the firewall. Any idea if this location could explain that?

Next up: upgrading the alternator with a Singer, in case that helps 🤦

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